• Not the absolute deficiency of estrogen or progesterone
• It is the relative dominance of estrogen and relative deficiency of progesterone
• Must compare same units of measurement, i.e.. pMol/L ( molecules of each hormone)
• On CPL, multiply progesterone by 1000 to compare with estrogen levels.
• Best ratio is 170:1 up to 300:1 P/E

Conditions linked to Estrogen dominance
• Allergies, including asthma, hives, rash, sinus congestion
• Autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Hashimoto’s thryoiditis
• Breast cancer
• Copper excess and zinc deficiency
• Endometriosis
• Endometrial cancer
• Gallbladder disease
• Syndrome X (Insulin resistance)

Conditions linked to Estrogen Dominance
• Infertility
• Polycystic Ovaries
• Menopausal symptoms
• Magnesium deficiency
• Osteoporosis
• Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS)
• Pre-menopausal syndrome
• Hypothyroid-like conditions
• Prostate cancer
• Uterine fibroids

Most common conditions due to Estrogen Dominance
• Endometriosis
• Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
• Fibrocystic Breast
• Pre-menopausal syndrome
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Fibroids
• Breast cancer

Likely Causes of Estrogen Dominance
• Commercially raised cattle and poultry
– Fed estrogen-like and growth hormones which are passed on to humans
– Deep sea fish are good to consume
– Avoid costal fish and shellfish
– Antibiotics used in poultry farms
– Feeds used contain a myriad of hormonesdisrupting toxins, pesticides, and other drugs to combat disease

Likely Causes of Estrogen Dominance
• Commercially grown fruits and vegetables
– Pesticides that may disrupt hormones
– Estimated that a person eats illegal pesticides 75 times a year with FDA’s recommendation of 5 servings a day
– Most pesticides: strawberries, bell peppers, peaches, apples, apricots and spinach
– Least pesticides: avocados, corn, onions, sweet potatoes, bananas, green onions, broccoli and cauliflower.
– Wash well with diluted vinegar, discard outer leaves & trim fat from poultry and fish
• Exposure to xenoestrogen
– Female embryo has 500,000 to 800,000 follicles each enclosed in a immature ovum
– Follicles sensitive to toxicity of environment pollutants
– Mother exposed to toxic chemicals that resemble estrogen may damage the fetal follicles and render them dysfunctional
– Not apparent until baby reaches puberty: PCOS, PMS, infertility, miscarriages, etc
– Symptoms of incomplete ovulation & insufficient progesterone become evident
• Other exposures to xenoestrogens
– Petrochemical compounds such as creams, lotions, soaps, shampoos, perfumes , hair sprays and room deodorizers all have chemical structures similar to estrogen
– Car exhaust, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, solvents, adhesives found in nail polish, paint removes, glues, paints,, plastics and even synthetic estrogens from women taking HRT and BCP flushed down the toilet & find way into food chain. They are fat soluble & non-biodegradable
• Industrial Solvents: industrial xenoestrogens
– Enter through the skin & accumulate in lipid-rich tissues such as nerve sheath & adipose (fat)
– Alcohol like methanol, ketones like acetone, aldehydes, glycol like ethylene glycol
– Includes fingernail polish, polish remover, glues, paints, varnishes, cleaning products, carpet, fiberboard, pesticides and herbicides, & processed woods
– Accumulative amounts over the years of exposure with chronic exposure leads to estrogen dominance
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
– HRT without progesterone
– Premarin most common: contains 48% estrone & a small amount of progesterone
– Symptoms include water retention, breast swelling, fibrocystic breast disease, depression, headache, gallbladder problems, and heavy periods.
– Excessive estrogen can increase DNA damage leading to endometrial & breast cancer
• Over production of estrogen
• Estrogen producing tumors
• Frequent ovarian cysts
• Stress: causes adrenal gland exhaustion & reduction of progesterone
– With the increase in estrogen comes insomnia and anxiety with further taxes the adrenals
– This leads to further reduction of progesterone
– With eventual adrenal exhaustion this leads to blood sugar imbalance, hormonal imbalance and chronic fatigue
• Obesity: Fat has an enzyme that converts adrenal steroids to estrogen
– The higher the fat intake the higher the conversion of fat to estrogen
• Aromatase converts testosterone to estrogen
• Fat produced cytokines that are inflammatory: may increase CRP
– Overeating dietary fat calories there is an increase in menopausal symptoms
– Studies show women switching from high fat & refined sugar to low fat, high fiber & plant based diet even not adjusting their calorie level, their levels of estrogen & progesterone decreased
– Plants contain over 5,000 known sterols that have a progesterone effect
• Liver Disease:
– Women with cirrhosis of the liver can not breakdown estrogen so it accumulates
– Drugs that impair liver function such as Tylenol can also contribute to higher levels of estrogen
• Deficiency of Vitamin B6 and Magnesium
– Both necessary for the neutralization of estrogen by the liver
– Too much estrogen also tends to create deficiencies of zinc, magnesium and B vitamins
• Increased sugar, fast food and processed food.
– All leads to a depletion of magnesium
• Increase in Caffeine:
– Caffeine from all sources linked to higher estrogen levels
– Regardless of age, BMI, caloric intake, smoking, alcohol and cholesterol intake
– Women consuming 500 milligrams of caffeine daily (4-5 cups of coffee) had 70% more estrogen during the early follicular phase than women who consume non more than 100 mg daily
– Tea has about ½ the amount of caffeine
– Exception is herbal tea like chamomile with no caffeine

Estrogen Reduction Protocol
• Progesterone
– *sublingual, cream for the skin, vaginal or rectal: by-passes liver
– Cyclic premenopause to supplement luteal phase of cycle: 100mg bid 14-28th day of cycle
– Continuous after menopause 100 mg/day
– *Reduces all symptoms and protects from cancer of uterus and breast
• Dietary adjustments:
– the estrogen level fell in women who switched from a typical high-fat, refined-carbohydrate diet to a low-fat, high-fiber, plant-based diet even though they did not adjust their total calorie intake.
– Plants contain over 5,000 known sterols that have progesterone effects. Cultures whose eating habits are more wholesome and who exercise more have a far lower incidence of menopausal symptoms
– In non-industrialized societies not subjected to environmental estrogen insults, progesterone deficiency is rare. During menopause, sufficient progestogenic substances are circulating in the body to keep the sex drive unabated, bones strong, and passage through menopause symptom-free
• Soy and cruciferous vegetables, a source of phytoestrogens, are good substitute but still not as good as progesterone
• A plant-based unprocessed whole-food diet is recommended. At least 15 grams of fiber should be consumed a day.
• Avoid high-glycemic foods such as refined sugar. Avoid alcohol or drugs that can damage the liver which will lead to an increase in estrogen due to the lack of estrogen breakdown.
• Caffeine intake from all sources is linked with higher estrogen levels regardless of age, body mass index (BMI), caloric intake, smoking, and alcohol and cholesterol intake.
• Caffeine:
– drinking more than two cups of coffee a day may increase estrogen levels in women. It could also lead to problems such as endometriosis and breast pain (Vit E for breast tenderness)
– Those who consumed at least 500 mg of caffeine daily, the equivalent of four or five cups of coffee had nearly 70% more estrogen than women who consumed less than 100 mg of caffeine daily. Coffee consumption increases estradiol levels
– Excessive chronic coffee intake is associated also with Adrenal Fatigue and reduced progesterone production.
• Detoxification
– Phase One – Detoxification Pathway
• *enzymes present in the liver cell help convert toxins into metabolites through a series of chemical reactions (such as oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis
• phase one pathway involves the Cytochrome P-450 enzyme.
• *toxins are rendered harmless in this process and excreted through the kidneys
• during this process, free radicals are often produced which, if present in excessive amounts, can damage the liver cells.
• Fortunately, the body has a built in protection mechanism and antioxidants (such as vitamin C and E and natural carotenoids) can reduce the damage caused by these free radicals
• In our polluted environment, excessive amounts of toxic chemicals such as pesticides ,alcohol or medication, can disrupt the P-450 enzyme pathway by causing over activity or ‘induction’
• Substances that may cause over activity (or induction) of the P- 450 enzyme pathway include caffeine, saturated fats, trans-fat, paint fumes, car exhaust, cigarette smokes, and barbiturates.
• to enhance Phase 1 detoxification pathway and prevent free radical overload, a wide variety of anti-oxidants including ascorbic acid, lipoic acid, grape seed extract, quercetin, and N-acetyl-cysteine is needed by the body
• Phase Two – Detoxification Pathway
– Liver cell by conjugation add another substance, cysteine, glutathione, glucuronide, sulphur or glycine neutralizes the toxins & excreted in bile or urine
– Calcium d-glucurate, in vegetables & fruit, inhibit glucuronoidase to increase toxin release from liver
– Methionine, folic acid, taurine, N-acetylcysteine supplements help as well.
• Estrogen metabolism: 3 forms of estrogen are estradiol, estrone and estriol
– Estradiol principal estrogen, ½ life 3 hours
– Estrone 2nd most potent & produced from estradiol
– Estriol is the weakest estrogen
– Two metabolites from Estradiol
• 2- (OH)     –estrone/estradiol (good one)
• 16 alpha (OH) estrone (bad one)
• Increase breast cancer with too much 16 alpha
• Estrogen Metabolism (cont)
– Herbs that fortify the liver will speed up estrogen metabolism
– Milk thistle (Silybum marianum), a flavonoid compound protects liver and enhances the detox process
– Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and meds that interfere with the liver’s metabolism
• Maintaining Ideal body weight:
– 50% Europeans and 61% of Americans are overweight!
– Fat cells increase estrogen production: Aromatase enzyme produces estrone within the fat cells
– Estrone negative feedback on pituitary that Estrogen is adequate & ovaries stop producing progesterone
– Obesity may increase testosterone that increases liver production of SHGB that binds hormones to make them unavailable
– Too many calories increase metabolic activity that leads to excessive free radical formation which damage cells and cause genetic mutations then can lead to cancer
• Exercise duh!!
– People are happier, less depressed and have optimistic outlook on life
– Life expectancy increase by two hours for every hour doing proper exercise
– Moderate exercise over a lifetime (young woman) can reduce risk of cancer by 26% as compared to sedentary lifestyle.
– Post-menopause women exercise 1 hour/day reduces breast cancer + improve cardio-vascular health
– Proper exercise is 30 minutes a day

Bottom Line
• High protein, low fat, low carb diet to maintain ideal BMI and body fat %
• If you can kill it or grow it, eat it.
• Keep away from industrial activity
• Wash your hands and food
• Drink water
• Practice moderation is personal products

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